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Are multifactorial genetic conditions passed down through the family?

2 fertility expert(s) answered this question

Multifactorial genetic conditions - how are they inherited?

Multifactorial genetic conditions are genetic disorders that are caused by more than one factor. The main factor still lies in genes but other factors can include the impact of the environment, e.g. nutrition. How are those genetic conditions passed down to the offspring?

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Answer from the fertility expert:
Maria José Mendiola, Gynaecologist in Reproductive Medicine & Reproductive Genetics, Clínica Monterrico

Maybe possible to determine if you or members of your family have a higher chance of developing just a particular multifactorial condition if you by noting your family background health history. Some of the clues that there may be a multifactorial health condition in your family include you or one or more family members related by blood who have been affected by a particular health condition – particularly at a younger than expected age. We have to note that the health history of family members is related but blood over several generations is important to work out if a condition is running in the family so, it is important to ask about the family health history on both your mothers and father’s side of the family. Some questions could be how is the person related to you, what type of conditions do they have at what age, were they first diagnosed with the conditions. If there is a multifactorial condition in the family, chances of inheriting breast ovarian cancer, for example. It may be possible for people to have genetic testing to work out if they have the gene mutation because in a particular health condition it is important to remember that for some people despite having a gene mutation, could be breast or ovarian cancer, will not develop unless other gene changes happen over the person’s lifetime. A possible trigger for other genes to change over a lifetime may include the impact of aging. Other conditions that run in the family may be because of the environment. More that could affect a genetic cause examples of this include poor air, poor nutrition, poor water quality or having a number of family members who smoke that can lead to contact with toxins from passive smoking. In some cases, an environmental cause will be the only reason for our conditions to wrap in the family so, no not in all cases genetic causes may not be involved at all.

Answer from the fertility expert:
Douglas Lester, Co-Founder & Chief Scientific Officer, Fertility Genomics

To a certain extent, you may inherit more bad DNA markers from both of your parents that are predisposed to these genes. Much more research needs to be done in this area; there are certain multifactorial conditions like prostate cancer. It is a classic example they can get DNA markers that will say that you are more at risk for prostate cancer than somebody else, and maybe you can change your lifestyle to prevent this. There are other variants, for example, that causes Alzheimer’s and dementia, and, again, if you change your diet, you’re less likely to get dementia. You need maybe a bad diet and a genetic variant to get that dementia. A lot of these multifactorial are environmental as well. So if you have a healthy lifestyle, you can sometimes beat the DNA. Environment beats DNA which is counterintuitive for me because I’m selling DNA. I’m sometimes saying the environment is environmental. If you look after your health environmentally, you can conquer some of the bad genetics you’ve got.

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